Understanding Solar Panels
Solar Panel Basics
Everything beginners need to know about solar panels — types, ratings, and selection.
8 min read
Simple and practical
Beginner level
No solar background needed
PH context
Made for local homes
What you will understand
Visual Learning Map
Lesson Guide
Panel Types
Monocrystalline (Most Popular)
- Efficiency: 20–22%
- Look: Black, uniform cells
- Best for: Limited roof space, premium installs
Polycrystalline
- Efficiency: 15–17%
- Look: Blue, speckled cells
- Best for: Budget installs with more roof space
Thin-Film
- Efficiency: 10–12%
- Best for: Large commercial roofs (rare in homes)
Key Specifications
| Spec | What It Means |
|---|---|
| Wattage | Power per panel (450–600W common in 2024+) |
| Efficiency | How much sun converts to power |
| Voc/Vmp | Voltage ratings for system design |
PH Example
For a 3 kW system using 550W panels: 3,000 ÷ 550 = 6 panels (rounded up).
Frequently Asked Questions
How many panels do I need?
Divide your target kW by panel wattage. A 5 kW system with 550W panels needs about 10 panels.
Mono or poly?
Monocrystalline is recommended for most PH homes — better efficiency in limited roof space.
What wattage should I buy?
550W panels are the current sweet spot for residential installs in the Philippines.
Do panels work at night?
No. Panels only generate during daylight. Nighttime power comes from the grid or batteries.
How do I check panel quality?
Look for Tier 1 brands, 25-year performance warranty, and positive installer reviews.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Buying solely on lowest price
Cheap no-name panels may degrade fast and void warranties. Invest in reputable brands.
Ignoring shading
Even partial shade on one panel can reduce entire string output. Survey your roof for tree/building shadows.
Wrong panel orientation
In PH, face panels South (or slightly West for afternoon peak). Tilt angle ~10–15° for most locations.